Malignant tumor of thyroid gland - Chronic
Definition
A malignant tumor of the thyroid gland that ranges from an indolent and localized carcinoma of the thyroid to fulminant and lethal disease
Detection of residual, recurrent, or metastatic thyroid carcinoma
* Thyroglobulin measurement: Serum thyroglobulin levels more than 2 mcg/L may indicate residual or recurrent thyroid cancer .
Medical History
* Multinodular goiter
* Past medical history of Hashimoto thyroiditis
* Cancer
* Past exposure to ionizing radiation
* Dietary iodine deficiency
* Family history of Malignant tumor of thyroid gland
Findings
* Thyroid nodule
* Localized enlarged lymph nodes
* Dysphagia - Chronic
* Difficulty speaking
* Vocal cord palsy
Tests
Evaluation of patients with a palpable thyroid nodule, multinodular goiter, adenopathy suggestive of a malignant lesion, or high-risk patients
* US scan of thyroid: Ultrasound is the most sensitive test available to detect thyroid nodules, accurately measure lesions, identify their structure, and note diffuse changes within the gland .
Evaluation of thyroid nodules in patients with suspected thyroid cancer
* Fine needle biopsy of thyroid: Fine-needle aspiration results are reported as either benign, positive for thyroid carcinoma, indeterminate results, or nondiagnostic (inadequate specimen) .
Suspected or known hypothyroidism
* Thyroid stimulating hormone measurement: Overt hypothyroidism is classified as a TSH above the upper limit of the reference range in the presence of a low serum free thyroxine (FT4) . Subclinical hypothyroidism is a laboratory diagnosis defined as a TSH above the upper limit of the reference range in the presence of a normal FT4.
Suspected hyperthyroidism
* Thyroid stimulating hormone measurement: Overt hyperthyroidism is defined as a serum TSH less than 0.1 milliunits/L (mU/L) in the presence of an elevated serum free thyroxine (FT4), thyroxine (T4), or serum free triiodothyronine (FT3). Subclinical hyperthyroidism is defined as a TSH below the statistically defined lower limit of the reference range in the presence of a normal FT4 and FT3.
Suspected hyperthyroidism in patients with atrial fibrillation
* Thyroid stimulating hormone measurement: A TSH level ?0.1 milliunits/L (mU/L) is associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation .
Differential Diagnosis
* Papillary thyroid carcinoma
* Follicular thyroid carcinoma
* Medullary thyroid carcinoma
* Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
* Multinodular goiter
* Hashimoto thyroiditis - Chronic
* Cyst of thyroid
* Thyroid follicular adenoma
* Subacute thyroiditis
* Graves' disease
Treatment
Drug Therapy
Thyroid stimulating hormone suppression in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM
Adults: Doses higher than 2 mcg/kg/day orally are generally necessary to achieve TSH suppression below 0.1 mU/L
Hypothyroidism following thyroidectomy or radioiodine ablation therapy
LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM
Adults: 1.7 mcg/kg/day orally in a single daily dose (usual maintenance dose 100 mcg to 200 mcg/day)
Follow-up of patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer as an adjunctive diagnostic tool for serum thyroglobulin testing, radioiodine imaging, or both
THYROTROPIN ALFA
Adults: 0.9 mg IM every 24 hours for 2 doses, or every 72 hours for 3 doses
Pediatrics (16 years and older): 0.9 mg IM every 24 hours for 2 doses, or every 72 hours for 3 doses
Procedural Therapy
Thyroid cancer
* Thyroidectomy: Total thyroidectomy is the preferred initial surgical procedure for most patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer .
Patients with papillary or follicular thyroid cancer who have undergone thyroidectomy
* Radionuclide ablation of thyroid gland: Radioiodine ablation therapy following thyroidectomy for follicular-derived thyroid cancer may eliminate microscopic residual or metastatic thyroid cancer cells .
I''m Charlotte Johnson,65 years old, Here in Edmonton, Canada. With the new herbal mix medicine I purchased from Dr James herbal mix medicine West Africa was my only way to get rid of my Alzheimer's, the herbal mix medicine effectively reversed my condition and alleviate all symptoms. I was initially very hesitant to discuss my Alzheimer but I just hope it can still help someone. I feel this will be very important information for all Alzheimer patients, because the most violent element in society today is ignorance. Be it any condition, a healthy diet and natural herbs and roots medicine from Dr. James is the road to fast recovery. I had suffered Alzheimer for many years, I fought for proper medical recommendation, care and all form of humane treatment with little improvement I went through many sleepless nights and periods of intense grief, as do most families. I was recommended by a friend to use Dr. James herbal mix medicine for my Alzheimer with high hope and assurance. I never doubted my friend but to contact Dr. James. And purchased His herbal mix medicine which was effective and I finally feel my Alzheimer is gone with no more symptoms. He also told me that he cures diseases such as Lungs diseases, kidney diseases, Warts, Bipolar disorder, Shingles, HPV, ALS, CANCER, NEPHROTIC SYNDROME, HIV / AIDS, Herpes virus, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic cancers, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, Glaucoma., Cataracts, Macular degeneration, Cardiovascular disease, Autism. Enlarged prostate, Osteoporosis. Alzheimer's disease, psoriasis, Tach Diseases, Lupus, Backache, dementia, skin cancer,.testicular Cancer, Leukemia, HEPATITIS A, B, C, Contact the great one on his email greatcureman@gmail.com
ReplyDeleteInfo @ drjamesherbalmix@gmail.com