Ovarian cancer - Acute
Definition
Ovarian cancer is a malignancy that most commonly arises from epithelial cells, and is easily able metastasize through intra-abdominal spread, by entering the lymphatic system or by local invasion of other peritoneal organs .
Evaluation of response to ovarian cancer treatment and assessment for recurrence
* CA 125 measurement: Elevated levels of CA-125 may be a useful adjunct in the assessment of premenopausal and postmenopausal women with ovarian cancer .
Medical History
* Family history of Ovarian cancer
* Adult, Geriatric (>65 years)
* Pregnancy
* Past medical history of Normal breast feeding
* History of Contraceptive use
* History of Estrogen use
* Obesity
Findings
* Ascites - Acute
* Dyspnea - Acute
* Pelvic mass
* Abdominal distension
* Abdominal mass
* Abdominal pain - Acute
* Abdominal rigidity
* Backache
* Constipation
* Dysuria
* Early satiety
* Fatigue
* Fever
* Finding of frequency of urination
* Indigestion
* Leg swelling
* Loss of appetite
* Pain on intercourse
* Postcoital bleeding
* Swollen abdomen
* Urinary incontinence
* Vaginal bleeding
* Weight loss
Tests
Suspected ovarian cancer
* CA 125 measurement: Cancer antigen (CA)-125 has proven to be the most reliable and helpful marker in evaluating and diagnosing ovarian cancer .
* Transvaginal ultrasound: Ultrasound is the overall best technique for the differential diagnosis of a suspicious pelvic mass .
* Diagnostic Doppler ultrasonography
Suspected ovarian cancer
* Complete blood count
* Hepatic function panel
* Plain chest X-ray
* Biopsy
* Centesis
Suspected ovarian cancer
* MRI of abdomen and pelvis
Differential Diagnosis
* Benign neoplasm of ovary
* Irritable bowel syndrome - Chronic
* Diverticular disease
* Malignant neoplasm of gastrointestinal tract
Treatment
Drug Therapy
Preferred regimen for ovarian cancer
CARBOPLATIN
Alternative regimen for ovarian cancer
DOCETAXEL
PACLITAXEL
Procedural Therapy
Ovarian cancer
* Debulking of pelvic tumor: Cytoreduction, or surgical tumor debulking, is the primary procedural treatment for ovarian cancer .
Ovarian cancer
* Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be an option in select patients with ovarian cancer.
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